which

/wɪtʃ//wɪtʃ/

★★★★★

pron

①[疑问代名词]哪一个
- Which is your room?哪一个是你的房间?
- Which (of the girls) do you like best?(在这些女孩中)你最喜欢哪一个?
- Which of the girls were you talking to?你在跟哪个女孩说话?
- Say which you would like best.说说看你最喜欢哪一个。
- Tell me which to do.告诉我该做哪一件事。

②[关系代名词][限定用法]1[通常先行词表示事物而不表示人]所…的(物、事)2[承接表人的先行词]【古】
- The river which flows through Taipei is called the Keelung River.穿过台北市的河流叫做基隆河。
- This is the book which I have chosen.这就是我所选择的书(★which当受词时,在【口】中比较喜欢将关系代名词省略,而将其介词放在后面: This is the book I have chosen.)。
- The document for which you are looking is in this drawer.你在找的那份文档在这抽屉里(★(1)which当受词时,在【口】中较常将关系代名词省略,而将其介词放在后面: The document you are looking for is in this drawer. (2)"介词+which"亦有引导不定词词组者: There is no good place at which to stay. 没有可以停留的)
- Our Father which art in heaven, ....我们在天上的父…(★出自新约圣经)。

③[关系代名词][非限定用法;通常前面有逗点]1而该物[事]…2[承接先行的词组、子句、句子或其内容]3[关系词子句先行于主要子句]【文】
- I began to read the novel, which was very interesting.我开始读那本小说,而它是很有趣的。
- Not one of the students was found there, which seems unaccountable.那些学生没有一个在那里,这似乎不可思议(★这种用法中, which所引导的子句,在故事式的句子等,有时独立使用,而写作 .... Which ...)。
- Moreover, which he never expected, they had decided in advance to punish him.更有甚者,他做梦也未想到他们事前即决定处罚他。

④[关系代名词][引导名词子句](一定范围中所…的)任(=whichever)
- You may take which (of the books) you like.你可以拿你喜爱的任何东西[书]。

adj

①[疑问形容词]哪(一个、一本等)
- Which novel do you like better, War and Peace or A Tale of Two Cities?「战争与和平」跟「双城记」,这两本小说你比较喜欢哪一本?
- Say which hat you prefer.说说看你较喜欢哪一顶帽子。

②[关系形容词]【文】而该(物、事)
- She remained silent, which fact made him displeased.她默不作声,而这使他不悦。

用法

(1)a)关系代名词which的所有格虽可代替whose使用,但在

【口】

中有使用of which的趋向,以便跟表示人的先行词有所区别:

These plants thrive in a country whose rainfall is abundant.

=These plants thrive in a country the rainfall of which is abundant.

【口】

这些植物容易长在多雨的国家。

b)在先行词带有指示形容词that的情况下,关系代名词以不使用that而使用which为原则,意即要用that ... which而不用that ... that:

that part of the country which was struck by the hurricane

该国为飓风袭击的地区[部分]

c)先行词表机关团体时,如果关系代名词使用who并作复数处理,则强调其成员;如果使用which并作单数处理,则强调其为完整个体:

The legislature which has passed the act is praiseworthy.

通过该法案的立法机构很值得称赞。

d)有时可用It is ... which的句型强调名词[名词性字辞]。惟以使用that而不用which较为普通。

(2)请注意限定用法与非限定用法之区别:

a)The typewriter which [that] needs mending is on the desk over there.

限定用法:表示有两部以上的打字机,而其中需要修理的一部放在桌上。

b)The typewriter, which needs mending, is on the desk over there.

非限定用法:表示自始只谈到一部特定的打字机,而「需要修理」只是为它所作的补充说明。

短语

that which
- ① 所…之物(★这是比较古式的措辞,现在多用what)
which is which
- ① 哪一个是哪一个
- The twins are so much alike that you cannot tell which is which.那对双胞胎这么相像,以致于你分不清哪一个是哪一个。
- "Their names are Betty and Julie."－"Which is which?"「他们的名字是蓓蒂跟朱丽。」「哪一个是蓓蒂,哪一个是朱丽?」

词汇	which
释义	which /wɪtʃ//wɪtʃ/ ★★★★★ －－－ pron ①[疑问代名词]哪一个 Which is your room?哪一个是你的房间? Which (of the girls) do you like best?(在这些女孩中)你最喜欢哪一个? Which of the girls were you talking to?你在跟哪个女孩说话? Say which you would like best.说说看你最喜欢哪一个。 Tell me which to do.告诉我该做哪一件事。 ②[关系代名词][限定用法]1[通常先行词表示事物而不表示人]所…的(物、事)2[承接表人的先行词]【古】 The river which flows through Taipei is called the Keelung River.穿过台北市的河流叫做基隆河。 This is the book which I have chosen.这就是我所选择的书(★which当受词时,在【口】中比较喜欢将关系代名词省略,而将其介词放在后面: This is the book I have chosen.)。 The document for which you are looking is in this drawer.你在找的那份文档在这抽屉里(★(1)which当受词时,在【口】中较常将关系代名词省略,而将其介词放在后面: The document you are looking for is in this drawer. (2)"介词+which"亦有引导不定词词组者: There is no good place at which to stay. 没有可以停留的) Our Father which art in heaven, ....我们在天上的父…(★出自新约圣经)。 ③[关系代名词][非限定用法;通常前面有逗点]1而该物[事]…2[承接先行的词组、子句、句子或其内容]3[关系词子句先行于主要子句]【文】 I began to read the novel, which was very interesting.我开始读那本小说,而它是很有趣的。 Not one of the students was found there, which seems unaccountable.那些学生没有一个在那里,这似乎不可思议(★这种用法中, which所引导的子句,在故事式的句子等,有时独立使用,而写作 .... Which ...)。 Moreover, which he never expected, they had decided in advance to punish him.更有甚者,他做梦也未想到他们事前即决定处罚他。 ④[关系代名词][引导名词子句](一定范围中所…的)任(=whichever) You may take which (of the books) you like.你可以拿你喜爱的任何东西[书]。 adj ①[疑问形容词]哪(一个、一本等) Which novel do you like better, War and Peace or A Tale of Two Cities?「战争与和平」跟「双城记」,这两本小说你比较喜欢哪一本? Say which hat you prefer.说说看你较喜欢哪一顶帽子。 ②[关系形容词]【文】而该(物、事) She remained silent, which fact made him displeased.她默不作声,而这使他不悦。用法 (1)a)关系代名词which的所有格虽可代替whose使用,但在【口】中有使用of which的趋向,以便跟表示人的先行词有所区别: These plants thrive in a country whose rainfall is abundant. =These plants thrive in a country the rainfall of which is abundant. 【口】这些植物容易长在多雨的国家。 b)在先行词带有指示形容词that的情况下,关系代名词以不使用that而使用which为原则,意即要用that ... which而不用that ... that: that part of the country which was struck by the hurricane 该国为飓风袭击的地区[部分] c)先行词表机关团体时,如果关系代名词使用who并作复数处理,则强调其成员;如果使用which并作单数处理,则强调其为完整个体: The legislature which has passed the act is praiseworthy. 通过该法案的立法机构很值得称赞。 d)有时可用It is ... which的句型强调名词[名词性字辞]。惟以使用that而不用which较为普通。 (2)请注意限定用法与非限定用法之区别: a)The typewriter which [that] needs mending is on the desk over there. 限定用法:表示有两部以上的打字机,而其中需要修理的一部放在桌上。 b)The typewriter, which needs mending, is on the desk over there. 非限定用法:表示自始只谈到一部特定的打字机,而「需要修理」只是为它所作的补充说明。短语 that which ① 所…之物(★这是比较古式的措辞,现在多用what) which is which ① 哪一个是哪一个 The twins are so much alike that you cannot tell which is which.那对双胞胎这么相像,以致于你分不清哪一个是哪一个。 "Their names are Betty and Julie."－"Which is which?"「他们的名字是蓓蒂跟朱丽。」「哪一个是蓓蒂,哪一个是朱丽?」
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