to

prep

• ①[表方向]1[不含到达之意]向…方2[含有到达之意;亦用于比喻用法]到…,至…3[表方位]在…方
  • The car turned to the left.车子向左转。
  • get to London到达伦敦
  • come to the crown登上王位
  • to that end为达该目的
  • I have often been to Scotland.我时常到苏格兰去。
  • I have been to the station to see my friend off.我曾到车站送别朋友。
  • The museum is to the south of the park.博物馆在公园的南方(参照The pavilion is in the south of the park.那个凉亭在公园(内)的南部)。

• ②[表状态、境遇的变化方向]变成
  • rise to fame成名
  • come to attention采取注意的姿势
  • To horse!上马!

• ③[表到达点、限度、程度、结果]至,到
  • He was wet to the skin.他全身湿透了。
  • cut to the heart深深地感受
  • To the best of my knowledge, she isn't married.就我所知道的,她没有结婚。
  • to that [this] extent到那[这]程度
  • He was faithful to the last.他忠实到底,他始终是忠实的。
  • He drank himself to death.他饮酒至死。

• ④[表结果、效果]到…;使得…,…的是
  • She tore the letter to pieces.她把那封信撕得粉碎。
  • to one's cost变成某人的损失
  • to no purpose徒然,白白地
  • to one's surprise [disappointment, sorrow]令某人惊讶[失望、悲伤]的是
  • to the point [purpose]中肯,适当地
  • The train slowed to a stop.火车减速停车。

• ⑤[表接触]到…,向…
  • apply soap to a towel抹肥皂于毛巾上

• ⑥[表时间的终了]到;差(…分)(=【美】of; before)
  • I'll stay to the end of July.我将待到七月底。
  • at (a) quarter to six六点差一刻
  • It's ten (minutes) to nine.九点差十分。

• ⑦[表目的]为…
  • They came to my rescue [help].他们来救[帮助]我。
  • They sat down to dinner.他们坐下来吃晚餐。

• ⑧ 【古】当,为(=as; for)
  • call [take] ... to witness请…当证人,叫…作证
  • take a woman to wife娶某女为妻

• ⑨[表对向、对立]对
  • They sat face to face [back to back].他们面对面[背靠背]坐着。
  • They began to fight hand to hand.他们开始肉搏。
  • drawn to life写生(的)
  • to one's taste适合某人的口味

• ⑩[表适合、一致]相当,符合
  • correspond to与…一致[符合]
  • made to order定做的

• ⑪[表比较、对比]与…比较;对…;当
  • one penny to the pound每磅一辨士
  • Books are to the mind what food is to the body.书籍之心智有如食物之于身体。

• ⑫[表附加]在…之上,加在
  • Add three to five.五加上三。
  • It belongs to me.那是我的。
  • That's all there is to it.【美】那就是如此而已。
  • There's nothing to him.他没什么了不起。

• ⑬[表附属、所有、关系]…的
  • Where's the key to this door?这门的钥匙在哪里?
  • sister to the Queen女王的妹妹

• ⑭[表伴随]跟着,合著
  • They danced to the music.他们跟着音乐跳舞。

• ⑮[表结合、系缚]在,向
  • Fasten it to the wall.把它装牢在墙上。
  • He is deeply attached to his little sister.他深深地爱着他的小妹妹。

• ⑯[表行为、作用的对象]对…,为…,就…
  • drink to a person为某人干杯
  • They drank to his health.他们举杯祝他健康。
  • Here's to you.祝你健康(举杯祝贺之词)。
  • keep [have, get] the room to oneself独占房间
  • Listen to me!注意听我说!
  • It is nothing to me.这对我不算什么。
  • What will he say to it?对于这个他会说什么?

• ⑰[置于confess, swear, testify, witness等动词之后]认为…;承认…
  • confess to crime承认犯罪
  • He swore to the miracle.他为这奇迹作证。

• ⑱[表形容词的适用方向、范围]对…;对于…;就…
  • His attitude is open to attack.他的态度易遭攻击。
  • That's most important to us.对我们来说,那是最重要的。

• ⑲[用以构成相当于间接受词的词组]

• ⑳ 【方】【美】在…(=at)
  • He is to home.他在家。
  • I got this to Brown's.这是在布朗的店里买的。

• ㉑[引导不定词]1[当名词用]为;做2[当形容词用]做…的3[当副词用]4[其他用法]
  • To err is human, to forgive divine.犯错是人之常情,宽恕乃神的属性(★诗人Pope的诗句)。
  • It is foolish to do so.这么做是愚蠢的(不定词词组为真正的主词)。
  • She began to think so.她开始认为如此(不定词词组为受词)。
  • The best way is to tell her the truth.最好的方法是告诉她实话(不定词词组为补语)。
  • I was the first to come and the last to leave.我是最早来而最后走的人。
  • I have nothing to do.我无事可做。
  • water to drink饮用水
  • a house [room] to rent房屋[房间]出租
  • Human beings eat to live.人类为活着而吃(表目的)。
  • He is old enough to go to school.他年龄大得可以去上学(表程度)。
  • I am sorry to hear that.听到那事我感很遗憾(表原因)。
  • This fruit is good to eat.这水果好吃(表限定)。
  • He awoke to find himself in a hospital.他醒过来,发现自己在一家医院里(表结果)。
  • To tell the truth, I don't love her.老实说,我并不爱她(独立副词词组)。
  • The train is to arrive at six.火车六点到站。
  • She seems to be [have been] optimistic.她似乎[似乎一向]是乐观的。
  • I'll ask him to help us.我会要他帮助我们。(★感官动词(see, hear, feel等),使役动词(let, make, bid, have)及help, know, find之后,用不加to的不定词,但被动语态之后,要用to)