been

vi

• ① be的过去分词

• ②[have been, has been为现在完成式]1[表示一直持续到现在的状态]2[表示曾经到过某处的经验]3[表示刚去过某处回来(即往还动作的完成)]<to>4[表示来过、来访过(即来访动作的完成)]5[表示聚会等完了]
  • He has been a reporter since 1980.他从1980年起当记者直到现在。
  • Where have you been all this while?你直到现在到哪儿去了?(你这一阵子都在哪儿?)
  • I have been abroad.我一直都在国外。
  • I have been living in Tainan since 1940.我从1940年起就一直住在台南(现在完成进行式;强调动作的连续性)。
  • Has she ever been at [in, to] Tainan?她曾去过台南吗?
  • I have been to the airport to see my friend off.我刚去机场为朋友送行。
  • I haven't been to India.我没有去过印度。
  • I have often been to America.我常去美国。
  • Has the milkman been yet?【英】送牛奶的来过没有?
  • My mother has never been abroad.家母不曾出过国。
  • The postman hasn't been yet.【英】邮差还没来过。
  • The meeting has already been.【英】会议已经结束。

• ③[had been为过去完成式]1[表示继续到过去的某时]2[表至过去某时的经验]去过,来过3[表完毕](在过去某时)刚去过某处回来4[表过去的愿望]
  • I had been in the army until that year.一直到那年,我都在当兵。
  • I had once been in France before that time.在那时以前,我到过法国一次。
  • I had just been to the airport when you telephoned me.你来电话时,我刚去过机场。
  • I wish I had been there.但愿我到过那里。

• ④[having been表发生在主要子句的时态之前]1[构成完成式分词词组](★【口】不常用)2[构成完成式动名词]
  • Having been a mother myself, I know how difficult it is to raise children.因为自己当过母亲,我知道养儿育女有多难。
  • I regret having been so selfish.我真后悔曾经那么自私过。