before

/bɪˈfɔː(r)//bɪˈfɔːr/

★★★★★

prep

①[指位置]在…前面
- He stood before the window.他站在窗前。
- The task before us is not an easy one.我们面前的工作不是一件容易的工作。

② 1[指时间]在…以前;比…早;早于(参照by¹; till¹; until)2[指时刻]【美】差(几分几点)(=to)
- Come before noon.中午以前来。
- before 1990在一九○○年以前
- Knock at [on] the door before entering the room.入室前先敲门。
- Your whole life is before you.你的整个人生才要开始。
- The summer vacation was before the students.学生们在期待(未来的)暑假。
- It's five minutes before eight.现在的时刻是差五分八点。

③[指顺序、阶级、优先、选择]在…之前;[与would同用]宁
- We should put quality before quantity.我们应该重质不重量。
- Death before surrender!宁死不屈!
- I'll die before surrendering.我宁死不屈。
- I would do anything before that.我除了那件事外,任何事都愿意做。

④ 在…的威力下
- He would not bow before authority.他不肯在权威之下低头。
- They retreated before the enemy.他们在敌人的进逼下撤退。

adv

①[指位置]在[往]前
- go before先行(于前)
- before and behind在前面与后面
- look before and after前后看看

②[指时间]从前,以前,曾经,已经
- Have you been to India before?你以前去过印度吗?
- I visited the palace (once) before.我曾去过那座宫殿(一次)。
- I had been there before.我曾到过那儿。
- He was late, as before.跟以往一样,他迟了。
- the day before前一天
- two days before(从那时候算起)两天前
- long before很久以前
- He told me that he had seen her the night before [three days before].他告诉我他在前一天晚上[三天前]见到她。(参照He said to me, "I saw her last night [three days ago].")

③[指以特定时间为准]早于
- I'll be there a few days before [a few days earlier].我将(提)早两三天到达那里。
- I'll go tomorrow, not before [not earlier].我明天会去,不会提前 [不会早于明天]。
- Begin at noon, not before.正午开始,不会提前。

conj

① 在…之前[以前]
- Can I see you before you go?你走之前,我可以见你吗?
- He got up before the sun rose.他在日出之前起床。
- You must sow before you can reap.【谚】收获之前须先播种(没有播种哪有收获)。
- Before the year was out, he was dead.那年还没结束,他就死了。
- It will be long [It may be many years] before we meet again.我们将很久 [可能很多年]难得再相见(即要等很久[很多年]才能再相见)。

②[与would [will]合用]宁;与其…毋宁
- I would [will] die before I surrender.我宁死不屈服。

用法

(1)ago是以现在为基准所指的过去,故与简单过去式连用,而不能与完成式连用:

I saw him six months ago.

(2)以过去的某一时间为基准而提到在它之前的事情时,要用before;因此,直接引句用ago时,如改为间接引句,应换成before:

He said, "I saw him six months ago."

→He said that he had seen him six months before.

(3)下面的句子结构不能用since:

It is five years ago that [when] his father died.

(他父亲是在五年前去世的。)

补充

before所引接的子句通常用现在式动词表示未来的动作;故下面例句系误用,应将shall去掉:

It will be long before we shall meet again.

用法

adv. 字义「与其…毋宁」的用法与动词时态的关系应注意下列两点。

(1)单独使用时,动词可用现在完成式、过去式或过去完成式。

(2)the day before, two days before等副词词组出现时则用过去完成式:

She had returned home long before.

她早就回到家。

I told her that I had met John the day before.

我告诉她我在前一天遇见约翰。

短语

before a person's face
- ① 当面地;公然地
before Christ
- ① 西历纪元前(略作B.C.;参照B.C.E.)
before everything
- ① 首先;第一
before God
- ① 当着上帝面前
before long
- ① 不久(=soon)
- We shall see her before long.我们不久就会见到她。
- I hope to see you again before long.我希望不久再见到你。
before now [then]
- ① 在现在[那时]以前
the day [night] before yesterday
- ① 前天[前夜](★可当名词词组与副词词组用;但当副词词组用时,【美】常省掉the)

同义词

aforetime
already
beforehand
beforetime
earlier
erstwhile
formerly
heretofore
once
previously
yet

ahead
in front

反义词

afteradv.在[往]后
behindadv.在[往]后

词汇	before
释义	before /bɪˈfɔː(r)//bɪˈfɔːr/ ★★★★★ prep ①[指位置]在…前面 He stood before the window.他站在窗前。 The task before us is not an easy one.我们面前的工作不是一件容易的工作。 ② 1[指时间]在…以前;比…早;早于(参照by¹; till¹; until)2[指时刻]【美】差(几分几点)(=to) Come before noon.中午以前来。 before 1990在一九○○年以前 Knock at [on] the door before entering the room.入室前先敲门。 Your whole life is before you.你的整个人生才要开始。 The summer vacation was before the students.学生们在期待(未来的)暑假。 It's five minutes before eight.现在的时刻是差五分八点。 ③[指顺序、阶级、优先、选择]在…之前;[与would同用]宁 We should put quality before quantity.我们应该重质不重量。 Death before surrender!宁死不屈! I'll die before surrendering.我宁死不屈。 I would do anything before that.我除了那件事外,任何事都愿意做。 ④ 在…的威力下 He would not bow before authority.他不肯在权威之下低头。 They retreated before the enemy.他们在敌人的进逼下撤退。 adv ①[指位置]在[往]前 go before先行(于前) before and behind在前面与后面 look before and after前后看看 ②[指时间]从前,以前,曾经,已经 Have you been to India before?你以前去过印度吗? I visited the palace (once) before.我曾去过那座宫殿(一次)。 I had been there before.我曾到过那儿。 He was late, as before.跟以往一样,他迟了。 the day before前一天 two days before(从那时候算起)两天前 long before很久以前 He told me that he had seen her the night before [three days before].他告诉我他在前一天晚上[三天前]见到她。(参照He said to me, "I saw her last night [three days ago].") ③[指以特定时间为准]早于 I'll be there a few days before [a few days earlier].我将(提)早两三天到达那里。 I'll go tomorrow, not before [not earlier].我明天会去,不会提前 [不会早于明天]。 Begin at noon, not before.正午开始,不会提前。 conj ① 在…之前[以前] Can I see you before you go?你走之前,我可以见你吗? He got up before the sun rose.他在日出之前起床。 You must sow before you can reap.【谚】收获之前须先播种(没有播种哪有收获)。 Before the year was out, he was dead.那年还没结束,他就死了。 It will be long [It may be many years] before we meet again.我们将很久 [可能很多年]难得再相见(即要等很久[很多年]才能再相见)。 ②[与would [will]合用]宁;与其…毋宁 I would [will] die before I surrender.我宁死不屈服。用法 (1)ago是以现在为基准所指的过去,故与简单过去式连用,而不能与完成式连用: I saw him six months ago. (2)以过去的某一时间为基准而提到在它之前的事情时,要用before;因此,直接引句用ago时,如改为间接引句,应换成before: He said, "I saw him six months ago." →He said that he had seen him six months before. (3)下面的句子结构不能用since: It is five years ago that [when] his father died. (他父亲是在五年前去世的。) 补充 before所引接的子句通常用现在式动词表示未来的动作;故下面例句系误用,应将shall去掉: It will be long before we shall meet again. 用法 adv. 字义「与其…毋宁」的用法与动词时态的关系应注意下列两点。 (1)单独使用时,动词可用现在完成式、过去式或过去完成式。 (2)the day before, two days before等副词词组出现时则用过去完成式: She had returned home long before. 她早就回到家。 I told her that I had met John the day before. 我告诉她我在前一天遇见约翰。短语 before a person's face ① 当面地;公然地 before Christ ① 西历纪元前(略作B.C.;参照B.C.E.) before everything ① 首先;第一 before God ① 当着上帝面前 before long ① 不久(=soon) We shall see her before long.我们不久就会见到她。 I hope to see you again before long.我希望不久再见到你。 before now [then] ① 在现在[那时]以前 the day [night] before yesterday ① 前天[前夜](★可当名词词组与副词词组用;但当副词词组用时,【美】常省掉the) 同义词 aforetime already beforehand beforetime earlier erstwhile formerly heretofore once previously yet ahead in front 反义词 afteradv.在[往]后 behindadv.在[往]后
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